Measles is a highly contagious viral disease and one of the most common childhood diseases, with 18 children dying every hour from the virus. There is no specific treatment for measles, so treatment is done by reducing the symptoms of the disease and prevention, especially that the vaccine causes the reduction of mortality to 80%.
Methodology
The objective of this article is to present a field investigation of reported cases of measles in Sharurah Governorate "Saudi Arabia" in order to benefit from it in the treatment of measles in Najran city and other cities in Saudi Arabia. The study has been carried out based on a visiting of the research team to the hospital and PHCC's in the area to do an active investigation to explore the existence of any further cases and what are the possible causes behind this outbreak. The team interviewed the health facilities directors and health inspectors. Measles MOH questionnaire was used which included personal information, vaccination status, contact history and clinical data. The information from the PHCCs was collected by direct interview and/or telephone interview.
Results
The symptoms of measles appear about ten days after the virus enters the infected body. There is an increase in the temperature that can reach 41 and the cough and the eyes become red and full of tears and become more sensitive to light, accompanied by the emergence of crimson blisters whose head is white inside the mouth Patient. Because measles is a highly contagious disease, it can spread from one person to another through sneezing, coughing and direct contact with the sick person. The baby is contagious five days before the onset of the rash and for another five days after the onset. In this case, the child is prevented from going to school until he is cured or for a week after the onset of the rash.
Conclusion
The study concluded that the patient is advised to be exposed to cold during this period. In the case of complications such as pneumonia or inflammation of the middle ear, it is treated. Take antibiotics to treat bacterial complications such as ear infection or pneumonia. It is also advised to give the patient vitamin A because it helps them to recover from measles faster, and also reduces the impact of measles on the retina and eye. In the event that an individual's environment is exposed to measles, all individuals who are in direct contact with the patient and who have measles susceptibility to an immunoglobulin, containing anti-measles antibodies, should be vaccinated provided that during the first six days of mixing With a measles patient.